Design and practical handbook on plumbing pdf free download

For different usages of concessionary supplies, please see Section 6. To this end, the consumer or agent concerned shall clean and disinfect newly installed fresh water inside service before it is put into use. Besides, after repair or maintenance of fresh water inside service, if there is a possibility that extraneous materials can get into the inside service, the inside service shall be cleaned and disinfected before water supply is resumed.

The guidelines on how to clean and disinfect the fresh water inside service and the requirement of water sampling test are set out in WSD Circular Letter No. Plumbing Arrangements 6. Provision shall be made for checking leakage from any plumbing work laid underground. If the connection is not laid in an exposed manner at the lot boundary, then it shall be laid underground with an adequate cover.

For carriageway a minimum cover of mm is usually required. All underground plumbing works government projects are exempted except projects of Housing Authority will be inspected by the Water Authority before it is backfilled or covered up. Domestic Appliances 6. The WSD does not normally approve nor recommend installation of water filters.

The reason is that they may become an ideal breeding ground for bacterial growth giving rise to health hazards if they are not properly maintained. As the treated municipal water supply to the whole territory of Hong Kong conforms chemically and bacteriologically to the Guideline Standards for Drinking Water of the World Health Organisation and is monitored closely by extensive sampling at treatment works, distribution networks and consumers' taps.

They may be installed in an indirect supply system via the storage tank where there is no possibility of contamination of the mains supply, or of the supply to other premises, e.

As contaminated water in the filter can backflow to communal water supply system or upstream, the Water Authority does not recommend the installation of any water filter. When there is installation of any domestic filter or water filter incorporated in water using apparatuses such as drinking fountain etc. The Water Authority does not require any test results of the filters before installation, i.

Despite the above, customers should carry out proper maintenance of water tanks and pipes in their buildings so as to maintain the water quality and to reduce the possibility of pollution arising from the use of water filters.

Regular maintenance of domestic water filters is also equally important. Construction Supply Provided that the construction site is within easy reach of the Waterworks distribution system, metered supply may be given for construction purposes.

For individual construction sites, metered water supply may either be tapped directly from the mains or from a fire hydrant.

In cases of boring works for site investigation and location of sites are not confined to one particular area or the limit of the works area makes it technically impracticable for the installation of building supply meters, the applicant may apply for a meter adaptor to draw a supply from any fire hydrant near to the works area.

In addition, in order to enable the Water Authority to carry out its functions under WWO and WWR, the premises shall have individual access, proper drainage system and bear a proper postal address. In all cases, the provision of metered water supply by the Water Authority will not confer any legal implication on the structural status of the premises nor carry any effect of precluding action being taken in respect of the structure by another authority. The type of evaporative plant used should be of an enclosed design from which wastage of water by splashing is prevented.

Concessionary Usage of Mains Water Approval to use government water supply for the purposes listed below can normally be given on concessionary basis when the territory is on full supply, subject to adequacy of the local water supply and distribution system. Such approval will be withdrawn if in the opinion of the Water Authority the supply situation requires it.

Additional connection point may be given only when physical barrier exists preventing extension of the drip feed irrigation system and the distance of two successive connection points exceeds 40 m. This category of concessionary usage must be supplied off tank. Supply may be permitted only if there is no practical alternative.

Recycling of water is required unless it is demonstrated to be impracticable. The purpose of having some of the concessionary supplies to be supplied off tank is to prevent contamination of the supply source through back siphonage. Similar provisions should also be considered for other categories. This will not be taken as a concessionary supply.

Hot Water Systems 6. They shall be provided with a vent or an expansion pipe taken from its highest point and discharge in the atmosphere above the storage cistern at sufficient height to prevent a constant outflow of hot water therefrom.

For flats supplied from the roof storage cistern of an indirect or sump and pump system , no separate storage for hot water apparatus will be required but the supply to the apparatus shall be by a separate down feed supplying the apparatus only unless the flats on the indirect system are supplied through an oversized down feed pipe, for which case the pipe supplying the hot water apparatus shall be branched from the down feed at a point above the top of the apparatus.

Some heaters, such as gas geysers and instantaneous type electric water heaters, may require a minimum pressure and flow for their proper functioning. When these heaters are to be installed, their suitability shall be checked against the available pressure and flow, especially for the uppermost floors served by the direct system or the indirect system. If mixing valves, water blenders or combination fittings are to be used, the cold water supply to these fixtures shall be drawn from the same source that supplies the hot water apparatus in order to provide a balanced pressure and to obviate the risk of scalding should the supply at the source fail or be restricted for any reason.

The Electricity Wiring Regulations require that installation of unvented electric thermal storage type water heaters shall be carried out by a Grade R registered electrical worker. The safety devices of unvented storage type electric water heaters are under the control of the Electric Products Safety Regulations administered by the Electrical and Mechanical Services Department. For the installation of unvented electric thermal storage type water heaters, the drain pipe provided for the relief valves shall be installed in such a manner that the water released from the valves shall be discharged to a safe and visible location.

Prior approval must be obtained from the Water Authority. In either case the vent or expansion pipe shall discharge to the atmosphere above the storage cistern at sufficient height to prevent a constant outflow of hot water therefrom. Under no circumstances shall safety valves, air valves or relief valves be used as a substitute or replacement for a vent or expansion pipe nor should any control valve be installed on the vent or expansion pipe between the highest point of the cylinder or calorifier, and the free end of such pipe.

Such valve shall be set to discharge when the pressure in the boiler exceeds 35 kPa above that of the static pressure of the system. If mixing valves, water blenders or combination fittings are to be used, the cold water supply to these fixtures shall be drawn by a separate down feed from the same water storage cistern supplying the hot water system. A screwed plug with a removable key shall be provided at the lower part of the system for the purpose of draining down or emptying the system.

No stop valve shall be installed in the primary flow or return pipes except when a vent pipe is connected to the boiler and such installation shall only be made under skilled supervision. No tap or other means of drawing off water other than a screwed plug with a removable key for emptying the system for cleansing and repair shall be connected to any part of the hot water system below the top of the hot water cylinder in such a way that the level of water in the cylinder can be lowered.

In a hot water system comprising more than one storage cylinder at different levels, this requirement should apply to the lowest cylinder. The hot water taps shall be fixed at a distance from a hot water apparatus or from a flow and return system not greater than 12m for pipes up to and including 20 mm diameter, 8m for pipes up to 25mm diameter, and 3m for pipes above 25 mm diameter.

To avoid waste of water when repairs are being effected, a stop valve shall be fitted on the cold feed pipe at the outlet from the storage cistern. If the storage cylinder is installed at a zyxwvuts lower floor, and additional stop valve shall be fitted near the inlet to the cylinder. Lead check is a simple method to test the presence of lead on metal, wood or paint by using lead test swabs or papers. Flushing Supply Flushing supply may be obtained from the government supply system or from other sources.

For inside service using government water supply for flushing, it should comply with the Waterworks requirements.

The inside service for flushing water supplied from privately owned wells, nullah intakes, stream intakes or other water source need not comply with the Waterworks requirements. Metering Requirement All flushing water supply systems shall be kept separate from water supply systems.

A water meter shall be installed at each flushing system receiving a temporary mains fresh water TMF supply. TMF flushing supply is normally given to the entire building through a communal meter. Hence, application for flushing supply should be submitted by a representative of the building and application for individual units is not entertained.

Salt water flushing supply is also subject to the bulk application but it is not metered. However, a meter position shall be provided for consumption check and waste detection purposes. It shall be close to the lot boundary or close to the point of connection from the internal distribution mains whichever is applicable. Every water closet, latrine shall be provided with a flushing cistern which shall have an overflow terminating in a conspicuous position.

For existing buildings for which permission is given to use government water supply in lieu of private supply for flushing purpose, any existing unsuitable flushing apparatus shall be replaced with proper apparatus within a reasonable period before a government supply is given. It is the requirement under Buildings Ordinance that all new buildings shall be provided with a system of plumbing for the supply of water for flushing purposes and every part of such system of plumbing including the storage tank shall be constructed of material that is suitable for use with salt water.

The storage tank is used to guard against contamination, accidental interruption of supply and to even out peak demands. Direct boosting from salt water mains is not permitted. Such flushing supply should be given on a temporary basis and shall revert to salt water supply when this becomes available. When salt water becomes available in areas containing premises using fresh water as a temporary alternative, the Water Authority will inform the consumers that permission to use fresh water will be withdrawn in 3 months' time and salt water will be provided in lieu.

Consumers will also be informed of the estimated cost of the salt water connection. The current WWR require that flushing cisterns shall be of the valveless syphonic type capable of giving a flush between 7. However, a disadvantage of valveless syphonic type cisterns is that they require a comparatively larger volume of water to generate the necessary flushing effect and a cistern volume of 7.

With the improvement in design and material, valve type flushing devices have become more reliable in their performance. A major advantage of valve type flushing devices is that they can give instantaneous flushing even with a relatively smaller volume of flushing water.

This helps reduce water required for flushing. An essential requirement on the relaxation on the use of valve type flushing devices is that the design flushing volume should be compatible with the bowl to ensure effective clearance of waste by a single flush. A good management system ensuring frequent inspection and cleaning of filters of the flushing valves is required. Otherwise, the installation of a filter readily accessible for inspection and cleaning is suggested.

The identification can be done by following step by step a planned operation procedure and test methods such as chemical tests. It is also important that any newly laid pipework should not be put into use before it has been inspected and approved by the Water Authority. Fire Service The Director of Fire Services is responsible for approving proposals for installations of or alterations to fire services.

Only the plumbing system of the fire service is subject to the requirements of the Water Authority. For installations which are to be connected to government mains, the method of supply and the materials used must be subject to the approval of the Water Authority and their installation should comply with the Waterworks requirements.

The fire service should be designed to guard against contamination, waste and misuse. Metering Requirement As no charge is imposed on the consumption of water used for fire fighting and hence no chargeable meter will be installed for the fire service.

However, check meter positions shall be provided for consumption check and waste detection purposes. It is also to remind that use of water from fire service for purposes other than fire fighting is prohibited. The check meter position shall be close to the lot boundary or close to the point of connection from the internal distribution mains whichever is applicable.

Pipes on a fresh water fire service shall be made of ductile iron, galvanized wrought iron, galvanized steel or copper of approved standards.

Consideration can be given for the use of wrought iron pipe and black steel pipe without being galvanized, upon application, for a fresh water fire service after a positive air break i.

Pipes and fittings on a salt water fire service shall be ductile iron or galvanized steel with suitable lining and fittings capable of withstanding the corrosive effect of salt water. The fire service must be entirely independent of other water supply arrangements within the building or development concerned. Such priming arrangements must be approved by the Water Authority prior to installation.

All pipeworks before check meter positions shall be exposed or laid in a proper service duct to facilitate inspection and repairs. Provision shall be made for checking leakage from any pipeworks laid underground.

It is designed to: i detect a fire; ii give an alarm; iii attack and contain an outbreak of fire until the arrival of the Fire Services.

Drencher system is a system of pipes designed to operate either automatically or manually and provide a curtain of water over buildings which constitute a particular dangerous fire hazard e. Any exemption from this requirement should have the endorsement of the Director of Fire Services. Application for improvised sprinkler systems Fig. The glass panel shall be of a frangible type and shall not exceed 1. Search icon An illustration of a magnifying glass.

User icon An illustration of a person's head and chest. Sign up Log in. Web icon An illustration of a computer application window Wayback Machine Texts icon An illustration of an open book. Books Video icon An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video Audio icon An illustration of an audio speaker. Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3.

For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. This new edition explains simply and clearly, in no-technical, everyday language, how to install all components of a plumbing system to comply not only with recent changes in the International Plumbing Code and the Uniform Plumbing Code, but with the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Originally written for working plumbers to assure safe, reliable, code-compliant plumbing installations that pass inspection the first time, Plumber's Handbook, because of its readability, accuracy and clear, simple diagrams, has become the textbook of choice for numerous schools preparing plumbing students for the plumber's exams. This eBook is the download version of the book in text-searchable, PDF format. Now, with a set of questions for each chapter, full explanations for the answers, and with a question sample exam in the back, this handbook is one of the best tools available for preparing for almost any plumbing journeyman, master or state-required plumbing contracting exam.

This handbook effectively addresses how the two mahor plumbing codes accomplish the goal of safe and sanitary plumbing installations. Howard Massey, original author, was an expert on the plumbing code and plumbing principles. He was a plumbing contract, plumbing instructor, plumbing consultant and plumbing plans examiner for Dade County, Florida, and authored several respected and still-used plumbing instruction manuals, including Basic Plumbing with Illustrations and Plumber's Exam Preparation Guide.